Ensemble: CULTURE WARS
Culture Wars
The phrase culture war is a translation from the German Kulturkampf and was first used in the second half of the 19th century to refer to the power struggle between the Roman Catholic Church and the German government under Reich Chancellor Otto von Bismarck. The concept is now used more generally to refer to the struggle between conflicting cultural values within a society. With his theory of cultural hegemony, Italian Marxist journalist, philosopher and politician Antonio Gramsci stated in the 1920s how a culturally diverse society is dominated by the group that controls the mass media, education and other major institutions. In the early 1990s, sociologist James Davison Hunter introduced the concept of culture war to the US, to describe the polarisation of society along ideological lines, between ‘conservatives’ and ‘progressives’. The so-called School Wars (schoolstrijd, guerre scolaire) in the 19th and 20th centuries, which were crises over the issue of religion in education, and of subsidies from the state, are seen as examples of culture war in Belgium.
Cultural Relativism
Unipolarity
Identity Politics
Segregation
Key Exhibitions in New York
American Context
Belgian Context
Themes & Categories
>MONOCULTURE – Segregation.
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>MONOCULTURE – Identity Politics.
>MONOCULTURE – Key Exhibitions in New York.
>MONOCULTURE - Culture Wars. Belgian context.
>MONOCULTURE – Unipolarity.
Works
>Sexual Behavior in the Human Male, 1948.Book, paper, ink.
>Alfred C. Kinsey, Wardell B. Pomeroy, Clyde E. Martin en Paul H. Gebhard, "Sexual Behavior in the Human Female", 1953.Book, paper, ink.
>Theodora Kroeber, "Ishi in Two Worlds: A Biography of the Last Wild Indian in North America", 1961.Book, paper, ink, 2.7 x 15.7 x 23.7 cm.
>Andy Warhol, Birmingham Race Riot, 1964.Print, screenprint on paper.
>Desmond Morris, "The Naked Ape: A Zoologist's Study of the Human Animal", 1967.Book, paper, ink, 23 x 15.5 x 2.8 cm.
>Philip Guston, Law, 1968.Painting, acrylic on panel, 76 x 81 cm.
>Kenneth Clark, "Civilisation: A Personal View", 1969.Book.
>Ursula K. Le Guin, "The Left Hand of Darkness", 1969.Book, 10,7 x 18 x 1,7 cm.
>Desmond Morris, "The Human Zoo", 1969.Book, paper, ink, 23 x 15.5 x 2.8 cm.
>Ursula K. Le Guin, "The Lathe of Heaven", 1971.Book, 14,5 x 21,6 x 2,3 cm.
>Ways of Seeing, 1972.Book.
>Joseph Beuys, COYOTE – I Like America and America Likes Me, 1974.Other.
>Ursula K. Le Guin, "The Dispossessed", 1974.Book, 10,5 x 17,6 x 2,3 cm.
>Ursula K. Le Guin, "The Word for World is Forest", 1976.Book, 14,5 x 21,2 x 2,5 cm.
>Ursula K. Le Guin, “Is Gender Necessary?", 1976.Book, 10,7 x 17,7 x 1,6 cm.
>Andy Warhol, from The American Indian series, 1976.Painting.
>Andy Warhol, Marilyn Monroe (Marilyn) - Reversal Series, 1978.Print, screenprint on hmp paper, 79×59 cm .
>Human Events, Vol. XXXVIII, no. 1-52, 1978.Book, ink, paper, 28 x 35.5 x 6.5 cm.
>Jean-François Lyotard, "La Condition Postmoderne", 1979.Book, 21,9 x 13,2 x 0,9 cm.
>Jimmie Durham, Tlunh Datsi, 1985.Sculpture, skull, feathers, turquoise, acrylic paint, shells, wood, 103 x 91 x 81 cm.
>Judith Butler, "Gender Trouble", 1990.Book, 15 x 22,7 x 1,2 cm.
>Camille Paglia, "Sexual Personae: Art and Decadence From Nefertiti to Emily Dickinson", 1990.Book, paper, ink.
>The Decade Show: Frameworks of Identity in the 1980s, 1990.Book.
>James Davison Hunter, "Culture Wars: The Struggle to Define America", 1991.Book, paper, ink, 16 x 24 x 3.5 cm.
>Francis Fukuyama, "The End of History and the Last Man", 1992.Book, paper, ink, 24 x 16 x 3 cm.
>Catherine Opie, Portraits: Chloe / James / Pig Pen , 1993-1997.Photography.
>1993 Whitney Biennial Exhibition, 1993.Book.
>Samuel P. Huntington, "The Clash of Civilisations and the Remaking of World Order", 1996.Book, paper, ink, 24 x 16.3 x 2.8 cm.
>Kerry James Marshall, Untitled, 1998-1999.Print, ink, paper, 12 x (250 x 122 cm).
>David Blandy, From the Underground, 2001.Video.
>Clifton and Karl Kroeber, "Ishi in Three Centuries", 2003.Book, paper, ink, 2.6 x 15.3 x 22.7 cm.
>Lynette Yiadom-Boakye, Nourish the Talented.Painting.